Earlier this month, the UK decided to lift sanctions on a number of key government institutions in Syria.
This included the Ministries of Defence and Interior, and several intelligence agencies under the new regime of Ahmed al-Sharaa’.
These measures were part of a wider policy of supporting the reconstruction of Syria following the overthrow of President Bashar al-Assad in December 2024.
Political Сontext and UK Motivations
Lifting sanctions on Syrian defence and intelligence entities is not a surprise move, as the UK repeatedly stated its willingness to review its policy depending on the political situation in the country.
For many years, London has maintained a strict stance against the Syrian regime, supporting opposition forces with groups such as Daesh deemed ‘terrorist groups.’
However, London appears pragmatic despite Ahmed al-Sharaa’s ideological background although experts warn of human rights risks to minorities under the new regime.
According to British officials, lifting sanctions is aimed at supporting political and economic reforms in Syria, as well as encouraging normalisation of relations with government-controlled regions.
The move can also be seen as part of a strategy to improve stability in the region and weaken the influence of other world powers such as Russia and Iran.
Economic and Social Impact on Syria
Lifting sanctions on the Syrian defense and intelligence industries could have a positive impact on the country’s economy, particularly on defense, security, and technology.
Easing economic restrictions could also lead to increased investment in other sectors related to industry and infrastructure.
Re-establishing closer economic ties with international partners would also open up new opportunities for trade and technical cooperation.
However, lifting sanctions has raised concerns among human rights activists and some countries that it could strengthen the regime of Ahmed al-Sharaa’.
Concerns focus on human rights for minority groups, in Kurdish-ruled areas of Syria.
The fear is that new economic opportunities could be used to solidify state-led repression against the opposition and civilians.
International Reaction
The UK’s decision to lift sanctions on Syria’s defence and intelligence industries sparked mixed reactions in the international community.
Doubts and concerns have been expressed by Western countries and human rights groups about the potential negative impact on civilians.
While some countries, such as Russia and Iran, expressed support for the move, others believe that the lifting of sanctions is premature and does not reflect the real situation in Syria.
Future Relief of Sanctions
London may set the conditions for the full removal of restrictions, including political and economic reforms in Syria, if the preconditions are met.
An important litmus test will be continued international cooperation with allies and the monitoring of human rights.
The UK can play a key role in rebuilding infrastructure and stabilising the region.
London’s decision to ease sanctions on Syria marks a shift in geopolitical strategy aimed at regional stability and reconstruction, but concerns about human rights loom over Syria’s post-war recovery.
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